Objective Trauma is one of the leading causes of obstetric morbidity and mortality, and incorrect seat belt use is a major determinant of adverse outcomes. This study evaluated the impact of structured education on proper seat belt use during pregnancy and examined preferences for future interventions.
Methods This prospective pilot study was conducted at a single center in Korea, over an 8-week period. Pregnant women between 20 and 37 weeks of gestation who visited the outpatient obstetrics and gynecology department were enrolled. A pre-education survey assessed baseline seat belt practices. Participants then received structured education, and a post-education survey 1 month later evaluated changes in awareness and behavior.
Results Sixty participants were included in the final analysis. Most reported obtaining seat belt information from unverified sources, particularly online communities. Many indicated a preference for structured education delivered by obstetricians, especially early in pregnancy. After the intervention, knowledge of proper seat belt use increased from 21.7% to 85.0% (P<0.001), and correct seat belt usage rose from 16.7% to 88.3% (P<0.001). Seat belt use while driving also improved markedly, increasing from 19.5% to 78.0% (P<0.001), demonstrating the program’s effectiveness in enhancing awareness and behavior.
Conclusion Education on seat belt use during pregnancy significantly improved both knowledge and correct usage among pregnant women. Routine, formal educational programs are recommended to promote maternal and fetal safety.
Objective As the use of electric scooters increased in Italy in the last years, we aimed to estimate the burden of accidents caused by this micro-mobility vehicle and identify characteristics, severity, and type of injuries.
Methods We conducted a case series analysis of news reports about electric scooter crashes occurring in Italy from January 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020. Events were included when a road traffic accident involved an electric scooter and caused damages or injuries to the driver or others.
Results We identified 96 road accidents involving electric scooters in Italy. The mean age of patients was 30 ± 16 years, and 79% (n = 71/90) were male. Of the 96 patients, only two (2%) were driving an electric scooter with a helmet, and three (3%) were driving while intoxicated. In 68% (n = 62/94) of cases, the incident was caused by a collision with another vehicle or a pedestrian, and 30% (n = 18/96) were transported with life-threatening injuries to the emergency department. In 15% (n = 14/96), the emergency medical service physician was dispatched to the scene. Head trauma was the most common injury (60%, n = 32/53). Patients who had life-threatening conditions were more likely to have head trauma than those who did not (82% [n = 9/11] vs. 55% [n = 23/42], P = 0.10). Polytrauma was significantly more common in patients with life-threatening conditions than in patients with no life-threatening conditions (36% [n = 4/11] vs. 5% [n = 2/42], P < 0.01). Fifteen percent of patients (n = 12/81) were admitted to the intensive care unit; only one death was reported.
Conclusion Road traffic accidents involving electric scooters often result in serious injuries, including head trauma and polytrauma, necessitating the involvement of an emergency medical service physician and intensive care unit admission in a non-negligible percentage of instances.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Work-related road traffic accidents: emergence of new modes of personal journey – analysis based on data from a register of road traffic accidents in France Emmanuel Fort, Nicolas Connesson, Julien Brière, Amina Ndiaye, Blandine Gadegbeku, Barbara Charbotel Injury Prevention.2025; 31(3): 242. CrossRef
Electronic Scooter Versus Non-electronic Scooter Injuries: A Study Comparing Distal Radius Fracture Open Reduction and Internal Fixations in an Urban Trauma Centre Liang Zhi Wong, Anthony Kinnair, Chirag Rao, Ademola Adejuwon, Alistair R Hunter Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of dental traumatic patterns in standing electric scooter-related accidents Youngmin Kwon, Jihye Lim, Chunui Lee Injury.2024; 55(2): 111148. CrossRef
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on interhospital transfer of patients with major trauma in Korea: a retrospective cohort study Sung Hoon Cho, Woo Young Nho, Dong Eun Lee, Jae Yun Ahn, Joon-Woo Kim, Kyoung Hoon Lim, Hyun Wook Ryoo, Jong Kun Kim BMC Emergency Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The characteristics of e-scooter accidents reported by police in Türkiye Ebru Arikan Öztürk, Fatih Karaçor, Hikmet Bayirtepe Traffic Injury Prevention.2024; 25(8): 1089. CrossRef
The Impact of Standing Electric Scooters on Maxillofacial Fractures: An Italian Multi-Centric Epidemiological Study Giovanni Salzano, Francesco Maffia, Luigi Angelo Vaira, Roberta Fusco, Massimo Albanese, Salvatore Crimi, Marco Cucurullo, Fabio Maglitto, Claudia Maugeri, Marzia Petrocelli, Francesca Pitino, Paolo Priore, Fabio Roccia, Alessandro Tel, Anna Maria Baietti Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(17): 5195. CrossRef
The Investigation of Electric Scooter Accident Cases Admitted to the Emergency Department: A Multicenter Study Serbülent Kılıç, Melih Yüksel, Musa Şahin, Arzu Oto, Suna Eraybar, Vahide Aslıhan Durak, Sümeyye Tuğba Sarkı Cander Medical Science and Discovery.2023; 10(8): 640. CrossRef
Objective To analyze motor vehicle accidents in two different traffic environments and compare differences in severity between both regions.
Methods Injury data were collected by the Emergency Medicine and Traffic Accident Research Team as part of the Korean In-Depth Accident Study. Patients admitted to emergency medical centers located in Wonju, Gangwon province (population 345,143, rural, group A) and Bucheon, Gyeonggi province (population 870,735, urban, group B) between January 2011 and December 2017 were included for analysis. Injury severity was classified into four categories based on Injury Severity Score (ISS): minor (1≤ <9), moderate (9≤ <15), major (15≤ <25), and critical (≥25).
Results Overall, 1,807 patients were included (group A, 1,484; group B, 323). There was a higher proportion of daytime accidents, accidents involving larger cars, passenger injuries, and accidents involving lack of seat belt use in group A than in group B. The mean ISS value was 8.98 in group A and 4.62 in group B (P<0.001). Minor (20.4% vs. 10.8%) and major/critical (15.7% vs. 5.0%) injuries were more frequent in group A than group B (P<0.001). Patient ratios (A/B) for each ISS classification were 0.76 (minor), 1.89 (moderate), 3.43 (major), and 2.77 (critical). The factors showing a significant relationship with severity were driver’s seat (P=0.037) and no seat belt (P<0.001).
Conclusion Patients in a rural city who visited the emergency room owing to motor vehicle accidents had more severe injuries than those in an urban city.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Time-series projecting road traffic fatalities in Australia: Insights for targeted safety interventions Ali Soltani, Saeid Afshari, Mohammad Amin Amiri Injury.2025; 56(3): 112166. CrossRef
Skull and Face Injuries and Associated Factors in Pedestrian Victims of Traffic Accidents: A Single Trauma Center Analysis Josimara A. de Araújo Varela, Tatiana F.T. Palitot, Smyrna L.X. de Souza, Alidianne F.C. Cavalcanti, Alessandro L. Cavalcanti Current Dentistry.2020; 2(1): 53. CrossRef
Objective This study aimed to examine whether injury severity differs with respect to age among elderly pedestrians involved in traffic accidents and identify factors affecting injury severity.
Methods Using emergency department-based injury in-depth surveillance data, we analyzed the data of patients aged ≥60 years who were victims of pedestrian traffic accidents during 2011 to 2016. The pedestrians’ ages were divided into 5-year age strata beginning at 60 years. In a multivariate analysis, injury severity was classified as severe to critical or mild to moderate.
Results The analysis included 10,449 patients. All age groups had a female predominance, and accidents most frequently occurred during the early morning. Multivariate analyses revealed that compared to the 60 to 64 years group, the odds ratios for incurring a severe injury were 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 1.37) for the 65 to 69 years group, 1.42 (95% CI, 1.23 to 1.64) for the 70 to 74 years group, 1.70 (95% CI, 1.45 to 1.98) for the 75 to 79 years group, and 1.83 (95% CI, 1.56 to 2.15) for the ≥80 years group.
Conclusion In this study of emergency department-based data, we found that injury severity increased with age among elderly victims of traffic accidents. Furthermore, injury severity varied with respect to sex, time and location of the accident, and type of vehicle involved. Therefore, measures intended to reduce and prevent traffic accidents involving elderly pedestrians should consider these findings.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Does the streetscape built environment matter in explaining crash injury severity among older adults? Kaihan Zhang, Boyou Chen, Reuben Tamakloe, Yihang Bai, Inhi Kim Journal of Transport Geography.2026; 131: 104540. CrossRef
Epidemiology of fatal motorcycle crashes in Ghana: a 23-year analysis of national crash data Daniel Gyaase, Benjamin Noble Adjei, Damsere-Derry James, Aldina Mešić, Daniel Wuaku, Adam Gyedu, Francis Afukaar, Jagnoor Jagnoor BMC Public Health.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Determinants of road traffic injury preventive behaviors among old pedestrians: An application of the PRECEDE model Saeed Bashirian, Erfan Ayubi, Afsaneh Nezafati, Tahereh Razi, Seyyed Abbas Hosseinalipour, Somayeh Karami, Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai Injury.2026; 57(11): 113684. CrossRef
Neuropathological diagnoses and age-related differences in Finnish medico-legal autopsies of individuals aged 65 years and older Emma Pellikka, Paula K. Vauhkonen, Petteri Oura Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Elderly pedestrian safety in silver zones: A temporal instability analysis of injury severity determinants Reuben Tamakloe, Kaihan Zhang, Donghyun Kwon, Inhi Kim Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition).2026;[Epub] CrossRef
An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Approach Using Graph Learning to Predict Intensive Care Unit Length of Stay Tianjian Guo, Indranil R. Bardhan, Ying Ding, Shichang Zhang Information Systems Research.2025; 36(3): 1478. CrossRef
Twelve years of evidence: modelling the injury severity of single-vehicle collisions pre- and post-20mph (32 km/h) implementation in Edinburgh and Glasgow Torran Semple, Grigorios Fountas Accident Analysis & Prevention.2025; 221: 108183. CrossRef
Epidemiology of board-related incidents in the Portuguese National Maritime Authority’s Jurisdiction (2020-2023): a cross-sectional study Matilde Ourique, Tatiana Alves, Carlos Aniceto, Carlos Matias Dias, Pedro Marques Mendes, João Ferraz Fernandes, Diana Martins Correia, Vânia Gaio Injury.2025; 56(10): 112656. CrossRef
Analyzing the severity of distracted driving crashes on horizontal curves of rural highways: A hybrid approach of boosting-based ensemble machine learning and discrete choice methods Morteza Safari, Meysam Effati, Mahyar Arabani Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives.2025; 32: 101542. CrossRef
Unveiling the Severity of Pedestrian Traffic Crashes in South Australia: Age-based Insights and Safety Implications Ali Soltani, Ahmed Jaber, Hamed Najafi Kashkooli, Madiha Bencekri Injury.2025; 56(11): 112716. CrossRef
Clinical outcomes and psychosomatic correlates of integrative inpatient care based on Traditional Korean Medicine for acute neck and low back pain following traffic accidents: a retrospective cohort study Yohwan Kim, Yejin Hong, Suji Lee, Tae-Hun Kim, Dongwoo Nam, Seunghoon Lee Frontiers in Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Temporal instability of the determinants of fatal/severe elderly pedestrian injury outcomes in intersections and non-intersections before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic Reuben Tamakloe, Kaihan Zhang, Inhi Kim Accident Analysis & Prevention.2024; 205: 107676. CrossRef
The epidemiology of road traffic injuries in the republic of Serbia: a study based on hospital data, 2015-2019 Smiljana Rajčević, Mirjana Štrbac, Dragoslav Kukić, Marija Marković, Ivan Ivanović, Radmila Petrović, Ivana Radić Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Road traffic injury-related disabilities in geriatric population Mahmut Şerif Yıldırım, Mehmet Cavlak, Burak Taştekin, Ramazan Akçan, Ali Rıza Tümer, Aysun Balseven-Odabaşi Journal of Transport & Health.2023; 32: 101685. CrossRef
Analysis of Studies on Traffic Crashes Involving the Elderly: Xin Gu, Xin Lu, Xi Jin, Yinjia Guo, Yuntong Zhou, Yanyan Chen International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.2023; 11(1): 4. CrossRef
Built environment influence on the incidence of elderly pedestrian collisions in a medium-large city in southern Brazil: a spatial analysis Mariana Teixeira da Silva, Pedro Henrique Iora, Miyoko Massago, Amanda de Carvalho Dutra, Júlia Loverde Gabella, Lincoln Luís Silva, Fernanda Shizue Nishida Carignano, Eniuce Menezes de Souza, Armstrong Mbi Obale, João Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci, Anjni Pate International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion.2023; 30(3): 428. CrossRef
Retrospective analysis of traffic accidents related injuries in a tourism region Mustafa ALPASLAN, Necmi BAYKAN Archives of Current Medical Research.2023; 4(3): 123. CrossRef
Association between Subjective Hearing Impairment and Cognitive Status among Korean Elderly Sujin Lee, Jae Ho Chung Noise and Health.2023; 25(117): 113. CrossRef
Impact of obesity on the severity of trauma in patients injured in pedestrian traffic accidents Pillsung Oh, Jin-Seong Cho, Jae Ho Jang, Jae Yeon Choi, Woo Sung Choi, Byungchul Yu Journal of Trauma and Injury.2022; 35(4): 240. CrossRef
Effect of alcohol intake on the severity of injuries caused by slipping down Kyoung Sung Yun, Jin-Seong Cho, Yong Su Lim, Jae Ho Jang, Hyuk Jun Yang, Woo Sung Choi Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine.2020; 7(3): 170. CrossRef
Skull and Face Injuries and Associated Factors in Pedestrian Victims of Traffic Accidents: A Single Trauma Center Analysis Josimara A. de Araújo Varela, Tatiana F.T. Palitot, Smyrna L.X. de Souza, Alidianne F.C. Cavalcanti, Alessandro L. Cavalcanti Current Dentistry.2020; 2(1): 53. CrossRef
First
Prev
