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Critical Care | Epidemiology

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Epidemiology of sepsis in Korea: a population-based study of incidence, mortality, cost and risk factors for death in sepsis
Clin Exp Emerg Med. 2019;6(1):49-63.   Published online February 20, 2019
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Epidemiology of sepsis in Korea: a population-based study of incidence, mortality, cost and risk factors for death in sepsis
Clin Exp Emerg Med. 2019;6(1):49-63.   Published online February 20, 2019
Close
Objective
To investigate the epidemiology of sepsis in Korea and identify risk factors for death in sepsis.
Methods
We conducted a longitudinal, population-based epidemiological study of sepsis in Korea from 2005 to 2012 using the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, a population-based cohort representing 2.2% of the Korean population. The primary objective was to assess the incidence, mortality and cost of sepsis. The secondary objective was to identify the risk factors for death in sepsis. Claim records of admitted adult patients (aged ≥15 years) were analyzed. Sepsis was defined as 1) bacterial or fungal infection or the conditions they often complicate, 2) prescription of intravenous antibiotics, and 3) presence of any organ dysfunction. Comorbidities were defined using the Charlson/Deyo method. Risk factors for 6-month mortality were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.
Results
A total of 22,882 cases were identified. Both incidence and 6-month mortality increased from 265.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 254.7 to 277.1) to 453.1 (95% CI, 439.0 to 467.5) per 100,000 person-years (P-trend <0.001) and from 26.5% (95% CI, 24.4% to 28.8%) to 30.1% (95% CI, 28.4% to 31.9%), respectively. After standardization, the increasing trend of incidence was slower but still significant (P-trend <0.001), while that for mortality was not (P-trend 0.883). The average cost increased by 75.5% (P-trend <0.001). Multivariable logistic regression identified various risk factors for mortality.
Conclusion
The burden of sepsis in Korea was high and is expected to increase considering the aging population. Proactive measures to curtail this increase should be sought and implemented.

Citations

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    Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine.2023; 10(2): 157.     CrossRef
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Resuscitation | Epidemiology

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Epidemiology and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to suicide mechanism: a nationwide observation study
Clin Exp Emerg Med. 2015;2(2):95-103.   Published online June 30, 2015
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Epidemiology and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to suicide mechanism: a nationwide observation study
Clin Exp Emerg Med. 2015;2(2):95-103.   Published online June 30, 2015
Close
Objective
Suicide remains a serious, preventable public health problem. This study aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics associated with various suicide methods and to investigate outcomes after suicide-associated sudden cardiac arrest (S-SCA), stratified by different suicide attempt methods.
Methods
An S-SCA database was constructed from ambulance run sheets and augmented by a review of hospital medical records from 2008 to 2010 in Korea. The cases with non-cardiac etiologies and suicide attempts were initially extracted. Suicide attempts were classified as hanging, poisoning, fall, and other. The primary end point was survival to discharge. Age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates were calculated for each suicide method. Adjusted odds ratios for outcome were calculated with adjustments for potential confounding variables.
Results
A total 5,743 patients were analyzed as S-SCAs. The most common method of suicide attempt was hanging (58.7%), followed by falls (17.6%), poisoning (17.5%), and others (5.8%). The survival to discharge rates were 2.1% (n=119) overall, 2.4% in hanging, 2.4% in poisoning and 0.5% in fall, respectively. The age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates (male/female) per million persons was 32.7 (35.8/29.7) in 2008, 41.8 (46.0/37.7) in 2009, and 43.0 (50.1/36.0) in 2010. Compared with hanging, adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for survival to discharge was 1.05 (0.60 to 1.83) for poisoning and 0.08 (0.03 to 0.21) for falls.
Conclusion
In this nationwide S-SCA cohort study from 2008 to 2010, the standardized incidence rate increased annually. However, the rate of survival to discharge remains very low.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Epidemiology and outcomes of severe injury patients related to suicide attempt or self-harm in Korea: Nationwide community-based study, 2016–2020
    Sun Young Lee, Kyoung Jun Song, Ki Jeong Hong, Jeong Ho Park, Tae Han Kim, Joo Jeong, Seul Ki Choi, Young Ho Choi
    Injury.2025; 56(2): 112032.     CrossRef
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    Thomas Fisher, Clodagh Beattie, Quentin Otto, Joanna Hooper, Jerry P. Nolan, Jasmeet Soar
    Resuscitation.2025; 207: 110510.     CrossRef
  • Suicide-Related Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests in Queensland, Australia: Temporal Trends of Characteristics and Outcomes over 14 Years
    Tan N. Doan, Stephen Rashford, Louise Sims, Kirsten Wilson, Sandra Garner, Emma Bosley
    Prehospital Emergency Care.2024; 28(3): 431.     CrossRef
  • A burning issue in Resuscitation
    Ziad Nehme, Emily Nehme
    Resuscitation.2023; 184: 109705.     CrossRef
  • Classification of suicidal behavior calls in emergency medical services: a systematic review
    Javier Ramos-Martín, M. Ángeles Contreras-Peñalver, Berta Moreno-Küstner
    International Journal of Emergency Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Temporal trends of suicide-related non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest characteristics and outcomes with the COVID-19 pandemic
    Justin Yap, Frank X. Scheuermeyer, Sean van Diepen, David Barbic, Ron Straight, Nechelle Wall, Michael Asamoah-Boaheng, Jim Christenson, Brian Grunau
    Resuscitation Plus.2022; 9: 100216.     CrossRef
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    Brendan V. Schultz, Adam Rolley, Tan N. Doan, Katherine Isoardi
    Resuscitation.2022; 175: 113.     CrossRef
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    Ziad Nehme, Karen Smith
    Resuscitation.2022; 175: 34.     CrossRef
  • Trends of the incidence and clinical outcomes of suicide-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Korea: A 10-year nationwide observational study
    Sun Young Lee, Young Sun Ro, Jeong Ho Park, Joo Jeong, Kyoung Jun Song, Sang Do Shin
    Resuscitation.2021; 163: 146.     CrossRef
  • It’s time to talk about the ‘prevention of resuscitation’
    Ziad Nehme, Karen Smith
    Resuscitation.2021; 163: 191.     CrossRef
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    Tae Han Kim, Eui Jung Lee, Sang Do Shin, Young Sun Ro, Yu Jin Kim, Ki Ok Ahn, Kyoung Jun Song, Ki Jeong Hong, Kyung won Lee
    Prehospital Emergency Care.2018; 22(2): 214.     CrossRef
  • 14,948 View
  • 115 Download
  • 11 Web of Science
  • 11 Crossref

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Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: incidence, process of care, and outcomes in an urban city, Korea
Clin Exp Emerg Med. 2014;1(2):94-100.   Published online December 31, 2014
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Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: incidence, process of care, and outcomes in an urban city, Korea
Clin Exp Emerg Med. 2014;1(2):94-100.   Published online December 31, 2014
Close
Objective
We aimed to determine the incidence, processes of care, and outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) in Ansan, South Korea. Methods From the Ansan Fire Department’s (1-1-9 emergency call number) Emergency Medical Services (EMS) database, we obtained a list of adult cardiac arrest cases occurring between January 2008 and December 2011. We excluded cases with obvious non-cardiac causes, such as trauma, drowning, hanging, and asphyxia. We matched the EMS data with in-hospital care and outcome data. We analyzed basic demographic variables (age and gender), the time and place of incidence, witnesses, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), major time variables, CPR instructions during transport, initial cardiac rhythm at the scene, and automated defibrillator use.
Results
The overall incidence of OHCA in Ansan was 33.1/100,000 persons per year. Out of 778 adult OHCAs in our study population, bystander CPR was provided in 103 cases (13.2%). Of the 517 OHCAs whose initial rhythms were confirmed, 85 (16.4%) showed shockable rhythms, but only 23 (27.1%) received defibrillation at the scene or during transportation. Of the 106 patients whose spontaneous circulation returned at the hospital, only 6 (5.7%) received mild therapeutic hypothermia. During the study period, 31 patients (4%) survived to discharge from hospitals, and 6 of these discharged patients (19.4%) showed favorable neurologic outcomes. Conclusion While the survival rate from OHCA in Ansan is very low, this study provides basic information needed to create improvements. Our analysis suggests that multiple variables contribute to the low OHCA survival rate. Several of these variables are modifiable; addressing them is a clear first step toward strengthening the chain of survival from OCHA in Ansan.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Application of the “Plan-Do-Study-Act” Model to Improve Survival after Cardiac Arrest in Korea: A Case Study
    Joo Yeong Kim, Hanjin Cho, Jong-Hak Park, Joo-Hyun Song, Sungwoo Moon, Hongjae Lee, Hyun Ju Yang, Juliana Tolles, Nichole Bosson, Roger J. Lewis
    Prehospital and Disaster Medicine.2020; 35(1): 46.     CrossRef
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    Dong Eun Lee, Hyun Wook Ryoo, Sungbae Moon, Jeong Ho Park, Sang Do Shin, Corstiaan den Uil
    PLOS ONE.2020; 15(11): e0241804.     CrossRef
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    Jin Seop Jeong, So Yeon Kong, Sang Do Shin, Young Sun Ro, Kyoung Jun Song, Ki Jeong Hong, Jeong Ho Park, Tae Han Kim
    The American Journal of Emergency Medicine.2019; 37(4): 632.     CrossRef
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    Jeong Ho Park, Sang Do Shin, Young Sun Ro, Kyoung Jun Song, Ki Jeong Hong, Tae Han Kim, Eui Jung Lee, So Yeon Kong
    Resuscitation.2018; 130: 124.     CrossRef
  • Kardiyopulmoner resüsitasyon eğitimi eğitimsiz kurtarıcıların acil yanıt sistemi görevlisi kılavuzluğunda uyguladığı temel yaşam desteğinin kalitesini arttırmaktadır
    Afsin Emre Kayipmaz, Cafer Akpinar, Nur Altiparmak, Cemil Kavalci, Helin Gulen Gedik, Cem Aydogdu, Elifsu Unal, Beyza Cinkir, Yigit Temizhan
    Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi.2017; : 55.     CrossRef
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    Chang Guk Yoon, Jinwoo Jeong, In Ho Kwon, Jae Hoon Lee
    SpringerPlus.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Yuri Choi, In Ho Kwon, Jinwoo Jeong, Junyoung Chung, Younghoon Roh
    Healthcare Informatics Research.2016; 22(4): 277.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiological and Survival Trends of Pediatric Cardiac Arrests in Emergency Departments in Korea: A Cross-sectional, Nationwide Report
    Jae Yun Ahn, Mi Jin Lee, Hyun Kim, Han Deok Yoon, Hye Young Jang
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2015; 30(9): 1354.     CrossRef
  • Comparison Between 30:1 and 30:2 Compression‐to‐ventilation Ratios for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Are Two Ventilations Necessary?
    Kyoung‐Chul Cha, Yong Won Kim, Tae Hoon Kim, Woo Jin Jung, Hyun Yook, Eunhee Choi, Yong Sung Cha, Oh Hyun Kim, Hyun Kim, Kang Hyun Lee, Sung Oh Hwang, James E. Olson
    Academic Emergency Medicine.2015; 22(11): 1261.     CrossRef
  • For how long can two emergency medical technicians perform high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation?
    Chu Hyun Kim, Gi Woon Kim, Won Chul Cha, Bo Ra Kang, Han ho Do, Jun Seok Seo
    Journal of International Medical Research.2015; 43(6): 841.     CrossRef
  • 16,201 View
  • 113 Download
  • 8 Web of Science
  • 10 Crossref